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Rural Physician Workforce Survey: Rural Healthcare Specialty Priorities

Jackson Physician Search
September 26, 2026

New Research Reveals Which Rural Specialties Are Most at Risk, the Coverage Models that Work, and a Framework for Deciding What to Do Next

Rural healthcare organizations are running their most essential services closer to the edge than most leaders realize. A new survey-based report from Jackson Physician Search, LocumTenens.com, and MGMA, drawing on responses from 227 rural clinicians and administrators, finds that in the specialties rural leaders say matter most to access and sustainability, the physician is usually still there. But permanent local capacity in family medicine, OB/GYN, general surgery, internal medicine, and behavioral health is often one retirement, resignation, or reduced schedule away from becoming a critical gap.

For rural physician recruitment teams and healthcare administrators building next year’s staffing strategy, this report puts hard numbers behind that risk.

Rural Healthcare Specialty Priorities gives administrators a specialty-by-specialty framework for deciding what to protect, where to grow capacity, and when a different coverage model makes the most sense. The report examines what’s actually driving rural physician turnover, why a single physician vacancy cascades into burnout and attrition among other clinicians, and how 81% of administrators with active searches say they have at least one high-impact specialty with no active search underway.

The report also tackles a question most rural hospitals and rural medical practices never formally answer: what does an open physician position actually cost? A step-by-step worksheet walks administrators through pricing their own vacancy, including direct revenue, downstream referrals, interim coverage costs, and recruiting spend.

Combined with a comparison of multiple coverage models (locum tenens, physician-plus-APP teams, telehealth, visiting specialists, and more) rated for short- and long-term viability by specialty, the report offers a decision-making tool that rural health leaders can apply immediately.

Whether your organization is weighing a rural family medicine search or trying to stabilize OB/GYN or general surgery coverage, this report offers practical tools.

Download the full report to see the Rural Specialty Priority Map and find out where your organization’s next vacancy may already be taking shape.

Please complete the form to download the report.

 

Key Findings

  • 68% described their permanent local physician capacity in family medicine as insufficient or fragile today.
  • 81% of administrators with active searches named at least one high-impact specialty with no permanent search underway.
  • 65% of administrators’ most consequential physician vacancies were still active searches, and only 12% had been anticipated more than a year ahead.
  • Only 25% formally estimated the financial effect of their most consequential vacancy.
  • 65% of current rural clinicians said they lack adequate specialist and colleague backup, and 59% said they may leave within two years.
  • 45% of clinicians who left rural practice would consider returning for competitive compensation and real specialty backup, the same two changes current clinicians most want.

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